Heating apparatus



une 29 1926'.

3 Sheets-,Sheet 1 A. M. MERTZANOFF HEATING APPARATUS Filed March 5, 1921 Sm.. QW s MQQ.

En lnnu'lllllllllllllln lll All llllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllll f llvllllll!llIllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllln I' June 29 1926. 1,590,588

A. M. MERTzANoFF I HEATING APPARATUS Filed March 5, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. M. MERTZANOFF HEATING APPARATUS Filed'lviarch s., 1921 3 sheets-Sheet s nvanboz Patented June 29, 1926.

.-ANnR MsMEnmzANoEE, onannwfonx, N,"mmssienoqmeimmmm.BMATOR i .GOMPANYQOE CHICAGO.; ILLIN'O'IS,

- tHEATINGr APPARATUS.

f -..Application meaV Maren 5; .1921.. seniai ino. z4zio,o4o.

My invention relates toimprovements-in heating apparatusf` anch. 1n its broadest-,econception,V has. for: its'fobjl'cct to. proyid'e,y as-a Y substitute. forztheordinary coal stove,l a heating apparatus comprisinga' heat' absorbing.'

member and anainheatinglmemberwformed A :largepeICeIltage'ofthe. prioducediheawhich asr a. unita-ry .structur.e,thro.ugh whichV afconvfined. riuid` iscircillated as. the heating medium.

In itsinorefspeci'fic embodiment, said inventionlias, for its objlectto.. providea small Y andr compact.; apparatus... formedas a complete, operative.. unitary` .structure comprising a heat absorbing.. member4 and a'. heat .emitting member .formedasian integral-part thereon. bynieans owhich thefroom or. part of a building .in "which the, apparatus. is located may Y r be. readily. :.a-nd veconomical'ly heated.

Furth.er,. .said ,invention .has for* its. Object f to provide al heating apparatusformedfas a small, ycompact unit comprising aplnral'ityj` of connected sections incorporatingl a-hcat absorbing member and a. heat. emitting fmem- 25.berVv in which Vthe coiiined heating.iiuid. is

causedl to circulatewithin. each section,.; and p Y.parts hereinafter .morle# 'fnl'ly described. and

-. through the connected sections jointly whereby to, provid-e a pluralityof currents* certain of which circulate throuoh. said a y of -which circulate` several-ly...through said vsections Vtransversely of .the apparatus.

.. heat-,emitting elementi. and linally discharged .broken away .and .in section;

Further', saidinvention: has for itsobject to provide 'a heatingfapparatus.comprising a boiler' and` a heat emittingelement'formed integrally therewith r`but: sepa-ratedtherefrom y `Fig. 2-

v by a chamberinwhich. air atnroom..temperatur-e 1s received, caused toibeheated. by-:sald

into the room. Y. K

Further, said invention. h-asOr .itsobgect A.toi provide aheatlng-apparatnsof .the .chan

. acter specified Vinl@ which .theuconned .heating f -niediums circulating1'through vsaid heat Aabi sorbing. and fsaidmheat-:emitting *y members may be. maintained. at a high temperature by the consumptioncott comparativelysmall volume. of `fuel.

Further, said innentionrhas for .itsobject *tor provide .an lapparatus oztlthev character... l.specified-in Whichall'of-theheat. absorbing c surtiaces-ar-e brought intoy fclose.Y proximitywto.. the incandescent uelwhereby toncausetheA "confined heating medium.:circulating. Within-1 is y ordinarily lost through, radiation in heatappa'ratusnow 1n .common 11Sef;mayfbe Vutilized to increase" 'the y.rooml heating eiiciencyoithe apparatus. Y,

2F11[.ther,said.V invention has! for --itsobject to vprovide heating apparatus, v.Whereinf the coi1fined'-iiid "which .constitutes'jth'e heating( medium andwhich .circulates` Withinfthe-hol- 10WY Walls. of the enti'reapparatus. serviesas the; cooling mediumV tofprevcnt-'the overheating; orV .burningiout of those partsthereof Which/areexposed'.to orcontactgdirectly'with theburninglffuel'. y

Further.` ob`ects Twill in.. part ,be fobyious, and' ln-.partf-be pointedyout hereinafter.

y ',ects. .and ends,7 myy invention consists in. .theI novel detalls of. construction, .andin'the combin`ation,. connection anrangementffbf th'enfpointed. out, int-he claims. y

In'the` accomp any-ing drawings illustrating one orm'ofg, apparatus constructed. according. to.. and.l embodying my/said linnen- Figure. l .is a front elevationl oi' alleati-ng apparatus;v Y

"` Eig'. 21 is a side elevation;

y rig. als. .a...sem0.n catherine.. +3 of j Eigi. 1s. ay faee.fyieW.-ofone1of the elements .ot the .apparams;y the; same.. beingepantly Fig; 5. atopyi'ew; l v Figi.. 6-15; aperspective. View; showing. .the

severalrpartsin separated relation -and Figi. 7*. is a renticalsectionalf View-.on the In Asaid..drawings,.'LQdesignates. the; .ap-

.l paratusf. as. a L W110i@ wbiclkfcomprises .hbllow front and back sections'v '.12',. .respeeti`el`y, .andfintermediatesections lrvhichfarefoon .nected togethen. at;v :their .nppermand-Llower ends .andtosaidi 4frontnnd' backsections vby .nipples lli.v

.The apparatusas, afwhole vsu. portedin .raised position by; 'feet-1.215.? provi edfatfthe.l

lower ends of the front and back sections. The front section 11 is provided adjacent to its base with an ash pit opening 16 provided with a hinged door 16', above said ash pit opening with a fuel opening 17 provided with a projecting frame portion 18 having a hinged door 19 secured thereto, and above said fuel opening and about midway of the height of said front and back sections 11, 12, the apparatus is provided with air inlet openings 20 over which are securedv grills or perforated plates 21.

The back section 12 is otherwise unbroken except near its central portion below the air inlet opening 2O where the same is provided with a circular opening 22 communicating with the upper rear portion of the combustion chamber. 23 denotes a casting which is bolted to the rear side of the back section, over the opening 22, to receive one end of a stove pipe or flue. j

Each section 11, 12 and 13 consists essentially of a lower or heat absorbing portion, and an upper air heating member' or portion.

The lower orheat absorbing portion of each intermediate section 13 is provided with a large opening 24 having inwardly inclined portions 25 at its sides terminating in two hollow water-backed grate-bar members or vparts 26, the space above said grate bars forming a fuel receptacle and a combustion chamber, and the reduced space below said grate bars forming the ash pit 27.

Each intermediate section 13 is provided upon its opposite sides with a'continuous, laterally-extending, enclosing rib or iange 28 which follows the general contour of the openings 24: formingv the fuel receptacle, combustion chamber and the ash pit 27.

The rear surface of the front section 11, and the front surface of the back section 12 are also provided with continuous ribs or flanges 28L registering with the ribs or flanges 28 of the 4intermediate sections 13 to form the complete fuel receptacle and ash pit. lFurther, said back and front sections may also have the inner portions thereof which are arranged within said ribs 23a recessed to correspond with the openings 24, 27 of the intermediate sections, in order to increase somewhat the area of said openings.

The upper or air heating portion of each i section is flat and is preferably provided with a central vertical opening 29 which registers with corresponding. openings in the adjacent sections and jointly forming a horizontal passage for the air to be heated. The said upper portions are arranged in spaced relation parallel to one another and are providedy upon their opposite surfaces with registering vertical ribs 30L to form a series of rvertical air passages 30 intermediate the same. The said upper portions are further provided at each side of the central opening 29 with vertical openingsy 31, the walls Vof which serve as partitions to cause the confined heating fluid to follow definite or predetermined courses of travel.

The said upper or air` heating portions are separated from the lower or heat absorbing portions by one or more openings 32 which register with one another and the openings 2O in said front and back sections 11, 12 to form therewith longitudinal air chambers or compartments communicating at their opposite ends with said inlet openings 2O in the front and back sections 11, 12.

The upper portions of the front, back and intermediate sections Vmay be provided along their' vertical edges with laterally'extending ribs 33 which register with the corresponding ribs of adjacent sections to form side walls for the air passages 30, and toV induce, through the passages 30, a more active circulation of the air entering the inlet openings 2() in the front and back sections 11, 12, and the side openings 34, provided at the sides of the apparatus intermediate the heat absorbing portions and the air heating portions of the apparatus.

The rear section 12 is provided a short distance below its upper edge with a filling nozzle 35 whose lower end is screw-threaded and secured within a bushing in a horizontal plane above the nipples 11i which connect the intermediate sections 13 together and to the end sections 11, 12. The nozzle 35 is provided with a removable screwfhreaded sealing' plug or cap 36.

The position and arrangement of the filling nozzle 35 are such that it becomes iinpossible to fill the apparatus with water above the lower edge of said nozzle, and as a result a fixed water line is established and the upper part of each section is made to serve as an independent or separate eXpansion chamber 37 into which the water, when expanded, may rise to about the level indicated by the vdotted line 33, Fig. l. To prevent any compression of the air which would otherwise be trapped in said eXpansion chamber 37, the upper end ofveach section is provid-ed with a separate air vent or relief yopening 38.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

The apparatus is rst filledV with water through the filling nozzle 35 until the level reaches the lower 'edge of the nozzle, as indicated at Fig. 7. Hereupon, the cap or plug 36 is tightly secured therein in order to seal the same. The fuel is then introduced through the fuel opening covered by the door 19 and ignited. As'soon as the fuel is properly ignited and burning, the confined water within the end,ibacl and intermediate sections will b'ecome heated and begin to circulate in the lower or heat absorbing portion of the apparatus as well as the upper or air heating part thereof. The cirlig-scopes 53 culationassunies a plurality kofcourses',y the 1.."Anapparatus thev character specicourse'ot oneset of currents" being' severally fied'- formed as a 'unitary structure compristhrough` each section individually asi-shown ing' a "pl'urality of' connected sections :conrby the arrows at Fig.l 4, and the course'of'the lining a circulating heating fluid, said sec- .other currents being Vlongitu'dinally throng-h 'tionsli'z'iivin'g` .their lower portions in contact the connected' sections'constituting."'the` apto forni. affiiel'A receptacle and" combustion paratus as a whole, as shown by 'the "dotted chamber, and"theirnpper'portions comprisarrows at Fig. 7. ingf relatively thinyho'llow panels separated Vhen the' confined lie'atingiuidvcirculat- A"from one'an'other; s'a'i'd ,panelsfj'o'i'ntly 'torin- Ving through the entire' apparatus iinparts'its ing a heat emitting -1neinber" with-- air'pasheat to the' outer'or"expo'sed"wa.lls 'offftlie sages therein, substantially as"v specified. several-se`ct1ons,'and. more 'particularly' to 2. Anapparatus 'of' `the'. character specithe upper or air heating"portions'i'ofwthe fled:l formed" as a""unitarystructure'comprisfapparatus, air at room'teniperaturewill 'be ing a, plurality' of connected sections coniin-A drawn into' the airchainber andinto" the 'ing afcirculating'heating'fluid, Lsaid sections several' passages'#communicating therewith having' their'lower portionsin close Contact "tliro'ugl'iV theinletfopenings'@ in' thefront to' form a fuel' receptacle.- andv combustion and' baclrse'ctions, conimunicatingwiith"the` chamberfandtheir upperportions separated longitudinaljfair?chambers'lforined'fby the "from one; another 'to` forni a hea-t' .emitting openings '32,.. andthrougli" the 'openings 34 'member composed'of' relatively thin sections provided' at the opposite' sides of'fthej app'aiaarranged 'inf spaced relation tol permit` of the tus' between 'theY he'atlabsorbijngjand'the/air 'passage'of air therebetween.; thegupperenols heating parts.A 'The'saidiair'inlets 20 'St'all of said sections' severally forming expansion `-servetoV adinit air to 'thefvertical' 'air/pas! chambers' therefor, 'substantially as speci- -sages provided Aintermedi''ate'"the Lvupper fied.

Y'portions of' the app'aratus'gwhi'ch 'latter'."will 3.; 'An apparatus of'. the" character specified cause the air' to' be helat'ed-byits'contact'wth formed as a-"unitaryi structure comprising a l the hot wall'sthereot" andtov issue'romfthe j plurality of' connected' sectionsv contining a ntop' or' the" apparatus: n Y circulating heating medium', 'a part otlea'ch The ai'r so heated is' then'''discharged"into;` section. contacting with".` the 'corresponding Vthe room, relatively 'cooler air'talringfits partsot'adjacent' sections and servingas a pl'acean'd thus producinga. constant circula' heat .absorbing portion, and' another "part ti'on'by its'repeat'ed'passage through' 'the apv'composed efilat hollow portions 'arranged iii paratus. spaced relation .to 'thezcorrespondiiig parts ofV f `It is to` .be iiote`d particularly: that" by'said' adjacent sec-tions' to' permit' oftliepasrmeans' of niysaid` apparatus the'luidfheab" sage "therebetwe'en Vof air to'be' heated; 'subing'niediuin which is' confined" witliinthefap-VV stantiagllyasjspecitied. Y p'aratus is' caused to circulate 'therein' longi- An 'apparatus ofrthe"character'specied "'tuadina'lly through the apparatusiand'trans-"tformed' as a' unitary structure comprising a` versely i through Peach 'of the '."s'ections'` p'luralityot connected' sectionsconfining a.'

severally, thereby 'insuring i. a lively "and""circulatingheating medium, a part ote'a'ch vigorous circulation yof the lie'ating'iil'uid 'at ""S'ectionj' contacting'l'with theffcorresponding in a rapid exchange of heat.

a uniforinlyhigh temperature"which results; parts"ofi-adjvoinin'gl sections-to' torni ai' lfuel the'heat emitting surface to 'the'heat' absorb- `tions arranged in spaced relation to the cor- Ving 'surfaces' 1s"'unusually'flau'ge',fbeing as 'respoiiding'jparts" of said adjacent sections 'beentalen of' the"hi1ghfh"eat' transmitting much-- as 17' vot-the'torrneifto' ljof tliel'lat 'and toilming'therewizthaheati'einitting ineinter. This unusually 'large ratio` is,possible?berjhavingj passages'ltherein'for arito'be owing tothe'ta'ct" that .full advantage' hasheated,'substantially assp'e'ci'tied.

.:5.""Anf apparatus of 'the 'character specivalue of' the contact' surfaces,y i. e.',''those"surfffie'di :torine'df as' a lunitarystructure Vcompris- Vfaces which aredirectly' exposed to' orin'conf "ingeV plurality' of' hollow', connected sections tact' with 'the' incan'desc'enttfuel andit'o'sthe"confining'a"circu'latinglheating iuidand' ar-Z 'duced by or liberated' therefrom.

hot gases and 'products of 'combustion 'pro-l' .ranged 'verticallyone behind 'the other; 'the'- 'lowerjportions' otisa'id' sectionsforining a It will, 'of course, be understood that-fiiel'frecept'acle and''combustion-'chamber''and Y while Ilia-Ve shown' an apparatus .consisting -'an" ash'pit', and the`= upperporticnsthereof y paratusot V4desired'size and capacity.,

' what 'cla-iin land desire to:V secureby'lfletof four sections, viz, a ront,"back and two `forming a seriesA of separated" 'air' heating.Y

intermediate, anynunib'er" of" 'intermediate nieinbers, substantially vas Vspecified'.

sections may be."a'ssenibl'ed' to "for1n"an' fap Y f6."y 15in"A .'apparatusof-the :character speci- Y 'l'ed' formed as' aunitary' structure *compris- Having thus descrihedfniy'-said 'inventi'on'fni'ga plurali-.tyd hollow', connected sections "confining a 'circulating' heating Huid and ar-.

ters Pat-ent is: ranged vertically'onebehind'the"other`;"'thel" l ""'recept'ac'l'e and conubustioni.chamber,y andan-t f Further,`it isto' be" n'otedtliat the' ratior of "foth'enpart' composed" of" relatively' '.t'hi'np'or-- f lower portions of said sections forming a double walled fuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and the upper portions thereof formino' single walled heating members separated from the adjacent members by air passages, substantially as specified.

7. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure compri-sing a plurality of hollow connected sections confining a circulating heating fluid and arranged vertically oneV behind the other; the lower portions of said sections forming a double walled fuel receptacle vand combustion chamber, and the upper portions thereof forming a heating member composed of a plurality of single walled portions each comprising a relatively thin flat section separated from the adjacent sections by air passages one of said sections having a filling nozzle below the top thereof, andthe upper end of each of said sections above the plane of said nozzle forming an expansion chanber, substantially as specified.

8. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of hollow connected sections confining a circulating heating fluid, the lower portions of said sections forming a fuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and the upper portions thereof forming a series of separated air heating members, and deflecting means on said upper portions for directing` the flow of said heating fluid therethrough, substantially as specified.

9. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of hollow, connected sections confining a circulating heating fluid, the lower portions of said sections forming a fuel re-` ceptacle and combustion chamber, and then upper portions thereof forming a series of separated air heating members, and means associated with said said upper portions of said sections for directing the circulation of the heating fiuid therethrough, substantially as specified.

10. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of hollow connected sections confining a circulating heating fluid; said sections having openings in their lower portions, laterally extending ribs surrounding said openings adapted to engage with the registering lateral ribs of adjacent sections and forming a fuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and the upper portions of' said sections forming a series of relatively thin separated -air heating members, substantially as specified.

ll. An apparatus of the character specified `formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of hollow connected sections conning'a circulating heating fluid, said sections having openings in their lower portions, laterally extending ribs surrounding said openings adapted to engage with the registering lateral ribs of adjacent sections and forming a fuel receptacle and combustion chamber and an ash pit, and the upper portions of said sections forming a series of separated air heating members, substantially as specified. Y

l2. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of connected sections confining a circulating heating fluid, a part of each section contacting with the corresponding parts of adjacent sections and serving as a hea-t absorbing member, and another part composed of relatively shallow hollow portions arranged in spaced relation to the correspond-ing parts of said adjacent sections and forming an air heating member having air passages therein, and an air chamber separating said heat absorbing member from said air heating member and communicating with the air passages in said air heating member; said air chamber having intake openings for admitting air thereto, substantially as specified.

13. VAn apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of connected sec-tions confining a circulating heating fiuid, a part of each section contacting with the corresponding parts of adjacent sections and serving as a heat absorbing member, and another part arranged in spaced relation `to the corresponding parts of said adjacent sections, registering ribs arranged upon the opposite sides of said sections; said sections and ribs forming an air heating member having air passages therebetween, and an air chamber separating said heat absorbing member from said air heating member andcommunica-ting with the air passages'in said air heating member; said air chamber having intake openings for admitting air thereto, substantially as specied.

14C. An apparatus of theV character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of connected sections confinlil() ing a circulating heating fluid, a part of each section contacting with the corresponding parts of adjacent sections and serving as a heat absorbing member and another part arranged in spaced relation to the corresponding parts of said adjacent sections and forming an air heating member having air passages therein, filling means for said connected sections arranged adjacent to the top of the apparatus; the portion of each of said sections above the plane of said filling means forming an expansion chamber, and an air chamber intermediate said heat absorbing member and said air heating member communicating with the air passages in said air heating member; said air heating member having intake openings for admitting air thereto, substantially as specified.

15. An apparatus of the character speci-y sponding parts of adjacent sections andA serving as a heat absorbing member, and another part arranged in spaced relation to the corresponding parts of said adjacent sections forming an air heating member having air passagestherein, a filling nozzle for said connected sebtions arranged adjacent to the top of the apparatus; the upper end of each of said sections above the plane of said nozzle forming an expansion chamber, and an air chamber separating said heat absorbing member from said air heating member and communicating with the air passages in said air heating member; said air heating member having intake openings for admitting air to said air chamber and for admitting air directly to said passages, substantially as specified.

16. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising a plurality of connected sections confining a circulating heating fluid, the lower portions of each of said sections forming a fuel receptacle part and combustion chamber part, and the upper portions thereof cooperating to form a series of s-eparated vertical air heating members arranged in spaced relation to provide passages for air therebetween, and said sections having openings jointly forming an airV chamber eX- tending longitudinally of the .apparatus and separating the upper from the lower portions of said sections and communicating with said air passages; said air heating members having air intake openings for admitting to said air chamber the air to be heated, substantially as specified.

17. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising front and back sections and intermediate sections confining .a circulating heating fluid; the lower portions of said sections including a grate, and forming a fuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and the upper portions thereof forming a series of vertical air heating members arranged in spaced relation to each other to permit of the passage of air therebetween, .and an air chamber extending `longitudinally of the apparatus between the upper and lower portions of said sections and communicating with said air passages, and said end sections having inlet openings therein communicating with said air chamber for admitting thereto air to ybe heated, substantially as specified.

18. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising hollow front and back sections and intermediate .sections confining .a circulating heating fluid; the lower portions of said sections including a grate, and forming a fuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and the upper portions thereof forming a series of vertical air vheating members arranged in spaced relation to each other to permit of the passage of air therebetween, and an air chamber extending longitudinally through4 the apparatus and substantially separating the upper from the lower portions of said sections and communicating with said air passages; said end sections having air intake means therein communicating with said ,air chamber for admitting thereto air to be heated, substantially as specified.

19. An apparatus of the character specified formed as a unitary structure comprising hollow front and back sections and intermediate sections confining a circulating heating fluid; the lower portions of said sections including a grate, and forming a fuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and the upper portions thereof forming a series of relatively shallow, flat vertical air heating members arranged in spaced relation to each other to permit of the passage of air therebetween, a filling nozzle on one of said connected sections adjacent to the upper end thereof; the upper end of each of said air heating members above the plane of -said nozzle forming an expansion chamber, an air chamber extending longitudinally through the apparatus and separating the upper from the lower portions of said sections a-nd communicating with said air passages; said end sections having air inlet means therein communicating with said air chamber for admitting thereto the air to be heated, substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county and State of N ew York, this second day of March, one thousand nine hundred and twenty-one.l

ANDR M. MERTZANOFF. 

